| Length
of River Sutlej in Pakistan: |
329
miles |
| Important
Engineering : |
Dipalpur
Canal, Suleimanki Barrage, Islam Barrage, |
| Structures
on the River: |
Malsi
Barrage and Syphon, and Panjnad Barrage |
| Catchment
Area: |
41,208
miles2 |
| Annual
Average Flow: |
0.021
MAF (0.007 Kharif and 0.014 Rabi) |
"Indus" |
RIVER
FLOW PATTERN
This
river originates in Western Tibet in the Kailas mountain range,
near the source of the Indus, the Ganges and the Bhramaputra. It
flows through the Panjal and Siwalik mountain ranges and then enters
the plains of Indian Punjab. The total length of the river is about
964 miles of which only 329 miles runs in Pakistan. The first canal
off Sutlej after entering Pakistan is Dipalpur Canal.
IMPORTANT TRIBUTARIES & THEIR CATCHMENT AREAS
| Tributary |
Catchment
Area Miles2
|
Length
Miles
|
Average
Slope Foot/ Mile
|
| Spati |
3,915 |
115 |
89 |
| Gambhar
Nullah |
342 |
40 |
114 |
| Soan
Nullah |
495 |
50 |
46.8 |
| Sirsa
Nullah |
280 |
32 |
83.5 |
| White
Bein |
1,485 |
88 |
11.5 |
| Black
Bein |
945 |
90 |
13.5 |
| Beas
River |
6,200 |
290 |
42.7 |
| Rohi
Nullah |
715 |
24 |
- |
STRUCTURES
ON SUTLEJ
There
are dams and barrages built on this river both in India and Pakistan.
India built dams and barrages after Independence whereas the barrages
existing in Pakistan were built before Independence.
Structures
on River Sutlej in Pakistan and India |
Pakistan |
|
| Dipalpur
Canal |
Its
upper half is fed from Bambanwala-Ravi-Bedian-Dipalpur-Canal
(BRBD) and the lower half is fed from the Balloki-Sulaimanki
Link |
| Sulaimanki
Barrage |
Constructed
in 1926 with a maximum design discharge of 325,000 cusecs.
It is fed by Balloki-Sulaimanki-Link No 1 and 2. |
| Islam
Barrage |
Constructed
in 1927 with a maximum design discharge of 3 million cusecs. |
| Malsi
Barrage & Syphon |
On
the basis of Indus Basin Treaty and through Malsi Link has
a capacity 429,000 cusecs. |
| Sidhnai
Syphon |
Constructed
in 1965 with a maximum design discharge of 150,000 cusecs. |
| Punjnad
Barrage |
Through
Panjnad-Abbasia with design discharge of 700,000 cusecs. It
was constructed in 1932. |
| |
|
India |
|
| Bakhra |
Concrete
gravity dam to store 5.72 MAF |
| Nangal |
Concrete
gravity dam for power generation |
| Pong
Dam on Beas |
Multi-purpose
- Storage 5.6 MAF |
| Barrage
at Harike |
To
feed canals of Ferozepur Headworks |
| Pandon
Dam on Beas |
Dam
for power generation |
| Bhaba
Project |
This
project is located in Kinnaur District and has 120 MW installed
capacity, comprising three units each of 40 MW. This project
was completed in 1989-90. |
The
Kol Dam project is located on the Sutlej River in India with 4 units
and a total installed capacity of 800 MW. The Nathpa Jhakri Project
is another project with an installed capacity of 1500 MW. A third
project, Baspa Hydel Scheme is an on-going scheme located at Baspa
River that flows in Sangla Valley in district Kinnaur in India.
This river later joins the Sutlej. The installed capacity of this
project is 450 MW.
AVERAGE
FLOWS IN SUTLEJ
The
Indus River System Authority compiles the river flow data. Annual
average flows are calculated by averaging the daily flows. The kharif
data represents April 01 - September 30 and the rabi data is based
on flows between October 01 - March 31 of the following year.
The
data for the River Sutlej collected at Sulaimanki for the 40 years
before Indus Water Treaty i.e. 1922-61, ten years after the treaty
i.e. 1985-95 and recent year completed i.e. 2001-02 depicting drought
conditions is as follows:
Average
Annual Flow (1922-61)MAF Average Annual Flow (1985-95)MAF Average
Annual Flow (2001-02)MAF
14 3.6 0.02
REFERENCES
1.
Dr. Nazir Ahmad, "Water Resources of Pakistan", Miraj
uddin Press, Lahore September 1993.
2. Dr. Bashir A Chandio & Ms Nuzhat Yasmin, "Proceedings
of the National Workshop on Water Resources Achievements and Issues
in 20th Century and Challenges for the Next Millennium", Pakistan
Council of Research in Water Resources, June 1999.
3. Centre of Excellence in Water Resources Engineering, Lahore,
"Proceedings - Water for the 21st Century: Demand, Supply,
Development and Socio- Environmental Issues", June 1997.
4. http://www.himaanchal.com/hydel_projects.htm
5. Partial data acquired from Indus River System Authority for flows
of rivers in Pakistan.
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